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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(1): 87-92, Jan.-Feb. 2020. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1088928

ABSTRACT

Chronic septic bone nonunion requires a well-designed therapeutic planning, demanding a multimodal treatment to achieve bone consolidation and elimination of infection. A successful case of an association of the major omentum flap with surgical stabilization with an interlocking nail for treatment of a femoral septic nonunion in dog is reported. The patient had partial functional return of the limb 30 days after surgery, negative bacterial culture with radiographic signs of bone healing and total functional return of the limb at 90th days after the surgical procedure.(AU)


Não uniões ósseas associadas à osteomielite crônica necessitam de um planejamento terapêutico muito bem realizado, demandando tratamento multimodal para conseguir atingir a consolidação óssea e eliminar a infecção. Relatou-se um caso de sucesso do uso da associação de retalho do omento maior com estabilização cirúrgica com haste intramedular bloqueada para tratamento de uma não união séptica de fêmur em cão. O paciente apresentou retorno funcional parcial do membro com 30 dias após a cirurgia, cultura bacteriana estéril com sinais radiográficos de consolidação óssea e retorno funcional total do membro aos 90 dias de pós-operatório.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Omentum/transplantation , Osteomyelitis/veterinary , Transplantation, Autologous/veterinary , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 52(5): e8233, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001522

ABSTRACT

Special attention has emerged towards biomass smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), providing new knowledge for prevention and therapeutic approach of non-smoker COPD patients. However, the understanding of biomass smoke COPD is still limited and somewhat controversial. The aim of the present study was to compare COPD exclusively caused by tobacco smoking with COPD exclusively caused by environmental or occupational exposures. For this cross-sectional study, COPD patients were recruited from outpatient clinics and formed two groups: non-smoker COPD group (n=16) with exposure to biomass smoke who did not smoke cigarette and tobacco smoker COPD group (n=15) with people who did not report biomass smoke exposure. Subjects underwent pulmonary function tests, thoracic high-resolution computed tomography, 6-min walk test, and sputum induction. The non-smoker COPD group had biomass smoke exposure of 133.3±86 hour-years. The tobacco COPD group smoked 48.5±27.4 pack-years. Women were 62.5 and 66.7%, respectively, of non-smokers and smokers. The non-smoker COPD group showed higher prevalence of dyspnea, lower arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), and lower arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2%) with similar spirometry results, lung volumes, and diffusion capacity. Regarding inflammatory biomarkers, differences were detected in sputum number of lymphomononuclear cells and in sputum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 with higher values in the smoker group. Emphysema was more prevalent in the tobacco smoker group, which also showed higher relative bronchial wall thickness and lower lung density by quantitative analysis. Biomass smoke induced more hypoxemia compared to tobacco in COPD patients with similar severity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Smoke/adverse effects , Tobacco/adverse effects , Biomass , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnostic imaging , Hypoxia/diagnostic imaging , Respiratory Function Tests , Spirometry , Sputum/chemistry , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/etiology , Environmental Exposure , Hypoxia/etiology
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(1): 29-36, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-888070

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of odontoplasty on apparent digestibility of diet for horses, consumption time, and particle size of feces. Nine horses were used, aged 14.5±3.3 years and weightng 531±38.7kg. The diet consisted of 1.5% of live weight (LW) in Tifton 85 hay and 0.75% of LW in concentrate for both assays. The experiment consisted of two tests of apparent digestibility using the method of total collection, before and after the odontoplasty, where the consumption time of hay and concentrate was also evaluated and the particle size of the feces was analyzed. An effect (P<0.05) of odontoplasty on the apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was observed. Effect of the consumption time for the concentrate (P<0.05) was observed, but not for the forage (P<0.05). There was more retention (P<0.05) of the fecal particles in the sieves of bigger granulometry. The odontoplasty increases the digestibility of dietary nutrients and feces particle size, without changing feces quality. Animals after the procedure have shorter concentrate consumption time.(AU)


O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito da odontoplastia sobre a digestibilidade aparente de dieta para equinos, o tempo de consumo e o tamanho de partícula das fezes. Foram utilizados nove equinos, com idade de 14,5±3,3 anos e peso de 531±38,7kg. A dieta consistiu do oferecimento de 1,5% do peso vivo (PV) em feno de Tifton 85 e 0,75% do PV em concentrado para ambos os ensaios. O experimento compôs-se de dois ensaios de digestibilidade aparente pelo método de coleta total, antes e após a odontoplastia, em que também foi avaliado o tempo de consumo do feno e do concentrado e analisado o tamanho de partícula das fezes. Foi observado efeito (P<0,05) da odontoplastia sobre os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido. Verificou-se efeito do tempo de consumo para o concentrado (P<0,05), porém não se observou para o volumoso (P<0,05). Houve maior retenção (P<0,05) das partículas das fezes nas peneiras de maior granulometria. A odontoplastia aumenta a digestibilidade dos nutrientes da dieta e o tamanho de partículas nas fezes, sem alterar a qualidade destas. Animais após o procedimento apresentam menor tempo de consumo de concentrado.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dentistry/veterinary , Horses/metabolism , Recommended Dietary Allowances , Animal Feed
4.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 51(12): e7558, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-974253

ABSTRACT

The association between pet ownership and the development of allergic and respiratory diseases has been the aim of several studies, however, the effects of exposure in adults remain uncertain. The aims of the present study were to investigate the prevalence of asthma and lung function status among dog and cat owners. This cross-sectional study was performed at two universities with students and workers who were allocated into 3 groups according to pet ownership in the previous year: cat owners, dog owners, and no pets (control group). Subjects underwent spirometry, bronchial challenge test with mannitol, skin prick tests, and questionnaires about animal exposures and respiratory symptoms. Control group comprised 125 subjects; cat owner group, 51 subjects; and dog owner group, 140 subjects. Cat owners had increased asthma prevalence (defined by symptoms and positive bronchial challenge test), but no changes in lung function compared to the control group. The dog owner group had lower spirometry values (forced expiratory volume in one second and lower forced vital capacity), but similar asthma prevalence, compared to the control group. In the cat owner group, excess of asthma may have an immunological basis, since we found an association with atopy. Although we did not have endotoxin data from volunteers' households, we postulated that low values of lung function were associated to exposure to endotoxins present in environments exposed to dogs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Cats , Dogs , Young Adult , Ownership/statistics & numerical data , Asthma/etiology , Asthma/epidemiology , Pets , Lung/physiopathology , Reference Values , Respiratory Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Asthma/physiopathology , Spirometry , Brazil/epidemiology , Allergens/adverse effects , Forced Expiratory Volume/physiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Analysis of Variance , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
5.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 67(4): 979-983, July-Aug. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-759223

ABSTRACT

Fracture nonunions represent important complications in orthopedic surgeries. Nonunion repairs or bone defects are surgically challenging. Our aim was to describe a nonunion case, which was repaired with rapid bone recovery. An 8-month-old male mixed breed dog that has been previously operated was presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of São Paulo State University, with a right radius-ulna nonunion and an amputated contralateral forelimb. A cancellous bone graft was collected from a partially amputated limb, in order to correct the nonunion, and used in association with a locking plate. After four weeks, the bone graft had been incorporated into the original bone. Clinical union with good weight bearing was achieved after eight weeks.


As não uniões ósseas representam uma importante complicação nas cirurgias ortopédicas. Não uniões ósseas ou defeitos ósseos são um desafio na cirurgia. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi descrever um caso de não união óssea, que foi reparada de forma rápida. Um cão SRD de oito meses, macho, que havia sido operado previamente, deu entrada no Hospital Veterinário da Unesp - Jaboticabal com uma não união óssea em radioulna e o membro contralateral amputado. Um enxerto ósseo autógeno foi coletado do coto do membro contralateral amputado e utilizado junto a uma placa óssea bloqueada para o tratamento. Após quatro semanas, o enxerto ósseo estava incorporado ao osso original. A união clínica e o retorno normal à função foram alcançados após oito semanas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Amputees , Fractures, Bone/veterinary , Bone Transplantation/veterinary , Orthopedics/veterinary , Orthopedic Procedures/veterinary
6.
Braz. j. biol ; 74(3): 529-537, 8/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-723882

ABSTRACT

Six blooms of Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae) were observed from March 2007 through March 2008 in the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, a semi-confined eutrophic system located in Rio de Janeiro state, southeast Brazil. Vegetative cells of H. akashiwo analysed by optical and electron microscopy showed morphology as described in the literature. The blooms (2.8 × 104 to 4 × 108 cell.L–1) were restricted to the middle section of the Piraquê Channel, which is situated in the northeastern part of the lagoon and receives freshwater inflow. The salinity of subsurface water and the channel depth showed significant negative correlations with H. akashiwo abundances, and appeared to restrict the blooms to this compartment of the lagoon. No fish mortality was associated with the H. akashiwo blooms, nor were brevetoxins detected in a cell extract obtained from the bloom observed on 19 March 2007.


Seis florações de Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae) foram observadas em março de 2007 a março de 2008 na Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas, um sistema semi-confinado eutrófico localizado no Rio de Janeiro (Sudeste do Brasil). As células vegetativas de H. akashiwo analisadas por microscopia óptica e eletrônica mostraram morfologia como descrito em literatura. As florações (2.8 × 104 a 4 × 108 cel.L–1) foram restritas à zona intermédia do canal Piraquê, que se situa na parte nordeste da lagoa e recebe aporte de água doce. A salinidade da sub-superfície da água e a profundidade do canal apresentaram correlação negativa significativa com a abundância de H. akashiwo e parecem determinar a formação de florações restritas a este compartimento da lagoa. Não houve mortalidade de peixes durante as florações de H. akashiwo e não foi detectada a presença de brevetoxinas em um extrato celular obtido a partir da floração observada em 19 de março de 2007.


Subject(s)
Environmental Monitoring , Eukaryota/growth & development , Lakes , Brazil , Population Density , Seasons
7.
Braz. j. biol ; 70(2): 289-291, May 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-548253

ABSTRACT

Benthic microalgae sampling in lotic systems is carried out using either artificial or natural substrate. Natural substrate is more suitable for biomass and productivity estimates as well as biodiversity assessment because it contains the communities that are typical of the environment. We present a new gadget for epilithic microalgae sampling (GEMS) that allows sampling in situ when it is impossible to remove the substrate from the river bed. The sampler consists of an acrylic box with a 25 cm diameter opening on its base that allows access to the substrate. This gadget can be used in shallow plan bedrock streams and it keeps the sample area isolated as much as possible minimising losses and contamination. It is also easy to construct and handle.


As amostragens de microalgas bênticas em sistemas lóticos são realizadas através do uso de substrato natural ou artificial. Substratos naturais são mais adequados para a estimativa de biomassa e produtividade, assim como, para a avaliação de biodiversidade, porque eles contêm as comunidades que são típicas de um determinado ambiente. Nós apresentamos um novo dispositivo para amostragem de microalgas epilíticas (GEMS) que permite a amostragem in situ, quando é impossível remover o substrato do leito do rio. O amostrador consiste em uma caixa de acrílico com uma abertura de 25 cm de diâmetro em sua base que permite acesso ao substrato. O amostrador pode ser usado em riachos rasos e de leito rochoso e plano, e mantém a área amostral o mais isolada possível, minimizando perdas e contaminação, além de ser fácil de construir e manusear.


Subject(s)
Eukaryota , Environmental Monitoring/instrumentation , Fresh Water , Population Density
8.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-536692

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo visou avaliar o efeito de um programa de manejo farmacoterapêutico no atendimento de idosos com hipertensão arterial sistêmica assistidos em unidade básica de saúde no município de Aracaju-Sergipe. Foram selecionados 30 idosos portadores de hipertensão, entre 60 e 75 anos de ambos os gêneros. Foi realizado um estudo de intervenção. Ao longo do estudo foram avaliadas as mudanças referentes ao manejo da farmacoterapia, de janeiro de 2007 a agosto de 2008. As variáveis analisadas foram: perfil sócio-demográfico e farmacoterapêutico e freqüência de comorbidades. A média de idade foi 69 ± 4 anos, com prevalência do gênero feminino. Os dados obtidos mostraram freqüência das comorbidades, especialmente nos sistema cardiovascular (100%) e músculo-esquelético (90%). Com relação ao perfil farmacoterapêutico foram identificados 76 diferentes tipos de especialidades farmacêuticas. Os medicamentos mais consumidos foram a hidroclorotiazida (53,3%) e o captopril (30%). Além disso, as intervenções reduziram o uso de AINEs (25,3% para 10%) e de polifarmácia (de nove para seis pacientes). O levantamento do perfil farmacoterapêutico forneceu elementos relevantes para compreender o uso de medicamentos em uma unidade de saúde, bem como, para eleger prioridades no cuidado aos idosos com hipertensão e elaborar estratégias em que o farmacêutico possa intervir de modo a reduzir e prevenir problemas farmacoterapêuticos.


This study was designed to assess the effect of a drug therapy management program on the treatment of elderly patients with systemic arterial hypertension who were attended at a primary health care unit (PCHU) in the city of Aracaju (SE). An intervention study was carried out at the PCHU, for which a sample of 30 elderly patients (60 - 75 years old) with hypertension, of both genders, was selected. During the study, changes in drug therapy management, from January 2007 up to August 2008, were assessed. The variables analyzed were socio-demographic and drug therapy profiles, as well as the frequency of comorbidity. The mean age was 69 ± 4 years, with a preponderance of women. The data showed a high frequency of comorbidity, especially in cardiovascular (100%) and musculoskeletal (90%) systems. Regarding the drug therapy profile, 76 different drugs were found. Those consumed most were hydrochlorothiazide (53.3%) and captopril (30%). The interventions reduced the prescription of NSAIDs (25.3% to 10%) and the practice of polypharmacy (nine to six patients). The drug therapy profile obtained from the survey provided details that could be employed to understand the use of drugs in a PCHU; for instance, to select priorities in caring for the elderly with hypertension and develop strategies in which the pharmacist can intervene to reduce and prevent drug therapy problems.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged , Drug Utilization , Hypertension/drug therapy , Pharmaceutical Services
9.
Rev. biol. trop ; 55(3/4): 1015-1023, Sep.-Dec. 2007. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-637645

ABSTRACT

The distribution and population structure of Cyphocharax gilbert in four areas of the lower Paraíba do Sul River and its major tributaries (22ºS, 43ºW) were analyzed between March 1989 and February 1990. The species was common throughout the area, preferring major rivers with high turbidity and sand-mud substrates and range of length and size of specimens found varied depending on the particular characteristics of the site. A predominance of females was found in only area. Nevertheless, in all areas the bimonthly analysis showed preponderance of one of the sexes in periods before or after spawning. Males prevailed in shorter length classes and females in longer ones. There was a prevalence of young in one area that probably was used as a growth and feeding zone. Rev. Biol. Trop. 55 (3-4): 1015-1023. Epub 2007 December, 28.


Se analizó aspectos de la distribución y estructura poblacional de Cyphocharax gilbert en cuatro diferentes áreas del cause bajo del Rio Paraíba do Sul y sus principales afluentes (22ºS, 43ºW), entre marzo de 1989 y febrero de 1990. La especie fue común en toda su extención, ocupando preferentemente los ríos grandes con aguas turbias y substrato de arena-lodo. Los ámbitos de longitud y frecuencia de tamaños variaron con el lugar. Solo en una de las áreas hubo mayor proporción de hembras. Sin embargo, el análisis bimensual mostró una preponderancia de uno de los sexos en períodos antes y después del período reprodutivo en todas las áreas. Los machos prevalecen en los tamaños inferiores y las hembras en los superiores. Huvo una prevalencia de jóvenes en un área usada probablemente como una región para alimentación y crecimiento.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Fishes/classification , Brazil , Fishes/anatomy & histology , Fishes/physiology , Population Density , Population Dynamics , Rivers , Seasons , Sex Ratio
11.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 47(3): 208-214, jul.-set. 2001. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-306102

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar as principais diferenças clínico-epidemiológicas do carcinoma epidermóide de cavidade oral no sexo feminino quando comparado ao sexo masculino. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados retrospectivamente os prontuários de 228 pacientes do sexo feminino portadoras de carcinoma epidermóide de cavidade oral, atendidos no Serviço de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço do Hospital Heliópolis, no período entre 1977 e 1996. As características clínico-epidemiológicas destas pacientes foram comparadas com aquelas de 849 pacientes do sexo masculino. RESULTADOS: A idade das pacientes das mulheres variou de 2 a 100 anos, com uma média de 60,7 anos. Nos homens encontramos idade entre 17 e 88 anos com uma média de 55,6 (p<0,00001). Quando o etilismo e o tabagismo estavam ausentes, a incidência do carcinoma epidermóide de boca ocorreu em uma faixa etária mais tardia. A presença do tabaco isoladamente näo afetou a distribuiçäo por faixa etária, enquanto que o álcool isoladamente ou em associaçäo com o tabaco leva a uma incidência mais precoce do câncer de boca. Os dois principais sítios de incidência säo a língua e o soalho. As mulheres têm uma menor incidência de lesöes de língua e soalho (43 por cento) quando comparado aos homens (61 por cento). Aproximadamente 50 por cento das mulheres eram estadio III e IV no momento do diagnóstico. Entre os homens este índice atinge 53 por cento. CONCLUSÖES: O carcinoma epidermóide de cavidade oral nas mulheres tem características clínico-epidemiológicas peculiares que justificam o desenvolvimento de protocolos de diagnóstico e tratamento específico para ele


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Mouth Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Mouth Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Smoking , Incidence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Alcoholism
12.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 69(5): 323-6, nov. 1997. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-234446

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO - Comparar a pressão arterial (PA) basal e as respostas a estímulos pressóricos de filhos de normotensos e filhos de hipertensos. MÉTODOS - Foram examinados 32 adolescentes, do sexo masculino, brancos, na faixa etária entre 13 e 18 anos, sendo que 16 eram filhos de hipertensos e 16 filhos de normotensos. Para cada indivíduo foi aferida a PA basal seguida da aplicaçäo de três testes pressóricos: teste do exercício isométrico com o handgrip, teste pressor ao frio e teste do exercício aritmético mental. Para a aferiçäo da PA foi utilizado um dispositivo oscilométrico, digital, previamente calibrado. Resultados - Os filhos de hipertensos exibiram valores basais de PA, tanto sistólica quanto diastólica, maiores que os filhos de normotensos (p "menor" 0,10). Quanto aos testes pressóricos, as respostas foram maiores nos filhos de hipertenso, porém somente a resposta da PA diastólica ao teste do exercício aritmético mental alcançou significância estatística (p "menor" 0,10). Conclusäo - Os resultados obtidos indicam a necessidade de atençäo especial às crianças e adolescentes com antecedentes familiares de hipertensäo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Arterial Pressure , Body Mass Index , Epidemiologic Studies , Exercise/psychology , Time Factors
13.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 48(supl. 1): 101-8, mar. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-257054

ABSTRACT

Foram determinadas a frequência média do diâmetro ovocitário por classe de tamanho e a fecundidade total e relativa do lambari-do-rabo-amarelo (Astyanax bimaculatus). Utilizaram-se 21 fêmeas coletadas em tanques da Estaçäo de Hidrobiologia e Piscicultura de Três Marias, nos meses de dezembro de 1992 e fevereiro de 1993. A fecundidade 1 (FEC1) foi estimada por sub-amostragem volumétrica, levando-se em conta apenas os ovócitos com diâmetros superiores a 400um, histologicamente definidos como vitelogênicos. Oito exemplares tiveram todos seus ovócitos contados e medidos com ocular micrométrica. Para estes, determinou-se, também a fecundidade 2 (FEC2), abrangendo os ovócitos acima de 200um. Os resultados mostraram a ocorrência de 2 modas. FEC1 variou de 2.300 a 14.100 ovócitos e FEC2, de 8.300 a 32.700. A distribuiçäo de diâmetros ovocitários assemelha-se à de peixes de desova total. Os valores do coeficiente de correlaçäo (r) entre FEC1 e comprimento padräo e FEC1 e peso corporal foram, respectivamente, 0,64 e 0,65


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Fertility , Fishes , Oocytes/growth & development
14.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 51(4): 511-8, dez. 1993. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-127888

ABSTRACT

Os autores apresentam quatro casos de síndrome de hipertensäo intracraniana benigna em duas mulheres e dois homens jovens e magros em que todos os critérios diagnósticos foram preenchidos exceto a presença de edema de papila óptica. Considerando que casos semelhantes já foram descritos por outros, pareceu-lhes justificada a proposiçäo que fazem de näo ser obrigatória a presença de edema de papila óptica para o diagnóstico da síndrome. Apresentam uma hipótese para explicar o fato e discutem outros detalhe dos casos


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Fluorescein Angiography , Pseudotumor Cerebri/cerebrospinal fluid , Visual Field Tests
15.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 26(5): 519-23, May 1993. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-148706

ABSTRACT

Evidence that beta-myrcene (MYR) interferes with the metabolic activation of premutagens has been provided by in vitro studies. In order to determine whether MYR also interferes with the in vivo metabolism of xenobiotics, thereby modifying pharmacological responses to drugs, we investigated the effects of this monoterpene on pentobarbital (PT) sleeping time in rats. Two experiments were carried out. In the first, a single dose of MYR (0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 g/kg po) was given 1 h before PT (40 mg/kg ip). No effect was observed with the two lowest doses, but the highest MYR dose given 1 h before PT increased the PT-induced sleeping time (131 +/- 15 min vs 64 +/- 15 min for controls, mean +/- SD). In the second experiment, male rats were treated with MYR (1.0 g/kg po once a day) for 14 days and injected with PT (40 mg/kg ip) 24 h after the last dose of MYR. Repeated treatment with MYR markedly reduced PT sleeping time compared to the vehicle-treated control group (21 +/- 13 min vs 35 +/- 19 min for controls, mean +/- SD). These results indicate that MYR interferes with the in vivo barbiturate metabolism and support the view that MYR induces the phenobarbital-inducible cytochrome P-450 (P-450 2B subfamily) enzymes in the rat


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Pentobarbital/antagonists & inhibitors , Sleep/drug effects , Terpenes/pharmacology , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/biosynthesis , Enzyme Induction , Pentobarbital/metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Terpenes/administration & dosage
17.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 51(2): 175-178, 1993.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-304968

ABSTRACT

Forty-nine patients with clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease were submitted to neuropsychological evaluation for staging the disease. The time of the initial symptoms was correlated to the stage of the disease. The evolution was protracted in 28.5% of the patients with only insidious memory deterioration. For another group of patients (12.2%) the evolution was serious since the beginning of the disease, with apraxo-agnosic signs. For the 34 patients with apraxo-agnosic impairment, in 50% this manifestation began in the first two years of the disease. Data suggest the occurrence of two subgroups. In the first the evolution of the disease is rapid, and in the second it is protracted. Also, they suggest that the evolution in the first two years is critical for characterizing the severity of progression in the clinical manifestations of Alzheimer's disease


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Alzheimer Disease/physiopathology , Memory Disorders/physiopathology , Aged, 80 and over , Alzheimer Disease/psychology , Time Factors , Memory Disorders/etiology
18.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 86(supl.2): 87-88, 1991. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-623947

ABSTRACT

Aqueous solutions of the molluscicidal latex of Euphorbia splendens are irritant to the rabbit eye in concentrations higher than 0.35% and to the rabbit skin in concentrations higher than 0.5%. Although this irritant potential does not proclude its use as a molluscicide, special precautions are recommended for hanbdling and application of the product and the hazard of skin tumor-promoting potencial should be carefully investigated before its use for schistosomiasis vector control.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Conjunctivitis/chemically induced , Dermatitis, Contact/ethnology , Edema/chemically induced , Erythema/chemically induced , Latex/toxicity , Molluscacides/toxicity
19.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 24(8): 827-31, 1991. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-102072

ABSTRACT

Tea prepared from lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) is used for its supposed anxiolytic, hypnotic and analgesic properties in Brazilian folk medicine. beta-Myrcene, a major constituent of lemongrass, produces analgesia in rodents but there is some controversy about whether this actions is central or peripheral or both. Rats and mice received beta-myrcene, 1 g/Kg po in corn oil alone 1 h before being evaluated for a series of responses which included exploratory and emotional behavior, anxiolytic activity in a plus maze and inhibition of conditioned avoidance. No evidence was demonstrable for an effect of beta-myrcene on any f these behaviors. Similarly, beta-myrcene had no protective effect on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice. These data suggest that beta-myrcene has no benzodiazepine-like anxiolytic activity and that an activity on the central nervous system (antidepressive or antipsychotic) is unlikely. Despite the negative results of this study, folk use of lemongrass tea may still be justified by its analgesic properties


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Rats , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Central Nervous System/physiology , Motor Activity/drug effects , Terpenes/pharmacology , Avoidance Learning/drug effects , Seizures/chemically induced , Pentylenetetrazole/analogs & derivatives , Rats, Inbred Strains
20.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 22(8): 987-91, 1989. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-77741

ABSTRACT

The aim of the prsent study was to compare the realibility of LD50 determination using the traditional Litchfield and Wilcoxon method with that obtained by forur alternative tests requiring smaller numbers of animals, for the purpose of classifyng chemicals according to their acute toxicity. Acute lethal dose determinations were carried out in mice for oral and intraperitoneal administration of hexachlorophene, lidocaine, methanol, phenobarbital and physostigmine. The Molinengo method proved not to be as reliable as suggested by its author. Determination of LD50 using the Thompson and Weil method or, alternatively, the maximal non-lethal dose and the approximate lethal dose permitted the classification of the chemicals in essentially the same order. The approximate lethal dose method, in particular, seems to be a very suitable alternative method to the classical LD50 test since it requires only about 6 animals, provides enough information to order chemicals according to their toxicities, and provides useful information for planning subsequent repeated-dose studies


Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Male , Female , Animal Testing Alternatives , Lethal Dose 50 , Hexachlorophene/toxicity , Lidocaine/toxicity , Methanol/toxicity , Phenobarbital/toxicity , Physostigmine/toxicity
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